There are many types of turfgrass with different characteristics. Differentiating many turfgrasses according to certain standards is called turfgrass classification.
Classification based on climatic conditions and regional distribution of turfgrass. Turfgrass can be divided into warm-season turfgrass and cool-season turfgrass according to the suitable climatic conditions for the growth of turfgrass and the regional distribution range.
1. Warm-season lawn grass: Also called summer grass, it mainly belongs to some plants of the Gramineae and Thrush subfamily. The optimal growth temperature is 25-30 degrees, and it is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and lower altitude areas to the south. Its main characteristic is that it is dormant in winter, begins to turn green in early spring, and grows vigorously after recovery. In late autumn, once frost damage occurs, its stems and leaves will wither and turn green. Among warm-season lawn plants, most are only adapted to cultivation in southern China, and only a few species can grow well in northern areas.
2. Cool-season turfgrass: Also called winter grass, it mainly belongs to the Poa subfamily. Mainly distributed in northern my country north of the Yangtze River, such as North China, Northeast China and Northwest China. Its main characteristics are strong cold resistance, intolerance to heat in summer, and vigorous growth in spring and autumn. Suitable for cultivation in northern my country. Some of these varieties can also be cultivated in the central and southwestern regions of my country due to their strong adaptability.
Classification according to different families and genera. In the past, the main composition of lawn plants was grasses. In recent years, it has developed into Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, etc.
1. Gramineae turfgrass accounts for more than 90% of lawn plants. Plant taxonomy is divided into fescue subfamily, millet subfamily and thrush subfamily.
(1) Bentgrass: Representative grass species include thin bentgrass, downy bentgrass, creeping bentgrass and small chaff grass. This type of grass has stolons or rhizomes, spreads quickly, has good turf forming performance, and is resistant to trampling. , the grass is fine and dense, the leaves are large, and it is adapted to weakly acidic and moist soil. It can build high-quality lawns, such as golf courses, hockey fields and other sports fields and fine ornamental lawns.
(2) Festuca genus: Representative species include tough-leaved purple fescue, creeping purple fescue, fescue, fine-leafed fescue and tall fescue. The common feature is that they are extremely resistant to stress, and are highly resistant to acid, alkali, barren, dry soil, cold, hot climate and air pollution. Tough-leaf purple fescue, creeping purple fescue, fescue, and fine-leaved fescue are all low-growing types with fine leaves. Tall fescue is a tall, broad-leaf type. Festuca turfgrass is mainly used as a companion seed in mixed sowing of sports field lawns and various green space lawns.
(3) Poa genus: Representative species are grassland bluegrass, common bluegrass, woodland bluegrass and bluegrass, etc. It has well-developed rhizomes, strong ability to form turf, and is resistant to trampling. The grass quality is fine, low, and flat. The turf has good elasticity, bright green leaves, and a long green period. It has relatively weak resistance to stress and has strict requirements on water, fertilizer and soil texture. This type of turfgrass is the main grass species used to build various green spaces in the north and is also the main grass species used to build sports lawns, especially many varieties of bluegrass.
(4) Ryegrass: Representative grass species are perennial ryegrass, foxtail grass, and timothy grass. Perennial ryegrass seeds have a high germination rate, fast emergence, lush growth, and dark green and shiny leaves. However, they require high water and fertilizer conditions and have a short lifespan (96 years). They are generally used for mixed sowing of sports field lawns and various green space lawns. Protected grass species in the program.
(5) Zoysia: Representative grass species are Zoysia, Zoysia macrospike, Zoysia sinensis, Zoysia Manila, and Zoysia tenuifolia. Zoysia grass has many excellent characteristics such as drought resistance, trampling resistance, barren resistance, disease and insect resistance, etc., and has a certain degree of toughness and elasticity. It is not only an excellent lawn plant, but also a good soil-fixing and slope-protecting plant.
2. Non-graminoid plants: Any plant with well-developed stolons, low and dense, resistant to extensive management, trampling, long green period, and easy to form low turf can be used to lay lawns. Cyperaceae turfgrasses, such as Carex alba, Carex tenuifolia, Carex heterospora, Carex ovata, etc.; white clover, red clover, variable crown flower, etc. of the leguminous Trifolium genus can be used as ornamental Flower lawn plants, secondly, there are other grasses, such as creeping water chestnut, step grass, thyme, creeping Potentilla, etc., which can also be used as garden flower beds, modeling and ornamental lawn plants.
Classification by lawn blade width
1. Broad-leaf turf grass: with a leaf width of more than 4mm, strong growth and strong adaptability, it is suitable for larger areas of lawn. Such as zoysia grass, carpet grass, thrift grass, bamboo grass, tall fescue, etc.
2. Fine-leaf turfgrass: The stems and leaves are slender and the leaf width is 94mm. It can form a flat, uniform and dense lawn and requires good soil conditions. Such as bentgrass, zoysia, bluegrass, fescue and buffalo grass.
Classify according to plant height! Low lawn grass: The plant height is generally below 20cm, which can form a low and dense lawn with well-developed stolons and rhizomes. Resistant to trampling, extensive management, most adopt asexual reproduction. Such as buffalo grass, bermudagrass, carpet grass, thrift grass.
Tall lawn grass: The plant height is usually 20cm. It is generally propagated by seeding. It grows quickly and can form a lawn in a short time. It is suitable for planting large-area lawns. Its disadvantage is that it must be cut frequently to form a smooth lawn. Such as tall fescue, ryegrass, bluegrass, bentgrass, etc.
Classification according to the purpose of lawn grass
1. Ornamental lawn grass: mostly used for ornamental lawns. Grass species are required to be flat, low, have a long green period, and have dense stems and leaves. Generally, fine-leaf grasses are suitable. Or some plants with special and graceful leaves, beautiful spots, stripes and colors on the leaves or leaves, as well as beautiful flower colors and fragrances. Such as white clover, changeable crown flower, thyme, creeping Potentilla.
2. Ordinary green space turf grass: Most turf grass can be used as ordinary green space turf grass. It has strong adaptability, excellent lawn usability and growth potential. It has a wide promotion range and a large planting area, and has become the main grass species in the area. It is mostly used for leisure lawns. It has no fixed shape and extensive management, allowing people to enter for recreational activities. Such as fine-leaf zoysia, carpet grass, and bermudagrass in southern my country, and grassland bluegrass, white clover, and buffalo grass in the north.
3. Soil-fixing and slope-protecting turfgrass: some turfgrasses with very developed rhizomes and stolons that have strong soil-fixing effect and strong adaptability, such as zoysia grass, thrift grass, bamboo grass, bromegrass, rhizome type Yanmaicao etc.
4. Decorative lawn grass: refers to lawn plants with beautiful colors that are scattered and planted in the lawn to complement and embellish the lawn. They are mostly used for ornamental lawns, such as corolla, lotus root, etc.
Post time: Aug-15-2024