Lawn management technology

Lawns have the functions of purifying air, absorbing dust, preventing noise, resisting pollution and absorbing drugs, reducing soil erosion, improving soil structure, slowing down solar radiation, protecting and restoring eyesight, greening and beautifying cities, and improving urban ecology. The area of ​​

lawns is constantly expanding. However, domestic lawns generally degenerate and become abandoned in 3-5 years, and some lawns even become barren after they are cultivated. The use period of lawns with perfect maintenance technology abroad is more than 10-15 years. The reason is that my country’s lawn maintenance technology is not mature enough, mostly due to improper or untimely maintenance techniques such as pruning, fertilization, irrigation, and pest control. The key points of lawn maintenance and management technology are briefly described as follows.

1. Pruning Uniform pruning is the most important link in lawn maintenance. If the lawn is not pruned in time, the upper part of its stem grows too fast, sometimes seeds, hindering and affecting the growth of the lower trampling-resistant grass, making it a wasteland.
The lawn pruning period is generally from March to November, and sometimes it is also necessary to prune in warm winter years. The lawn mowing height generally follows the 1/3 principle. The first mowing is carried out when the lawn is 10-12cm high, and the stubble height is 6-8cm. The number of mowing times depends on the growth rate of the lawn. High-quality lawns abroad are mowed more than 10 times or even hundreds of times a year. Usually May and June are the most vigorous growth periods of lawns, and they are mowed 1-2 times every 7-10 days, and 1-2 times every 10-15 days at other times. After multiple mowings, the lawn not only has developed rhizomes and strong covering ability, but also is low, the leaves become thinner, and the ornamental value is high.
When mowing the lawn, the mowing belt must be parallel, and the direction must be changed each time the mowing is done. In drought, the mowed grass can be placed on the lawn to cool down, but it cannot be placed for a long time, otherwise it will easily soften the lawn, grow slowly and breed bacteria. The edges of the lawn are generally trimmed with scissors to keep it beautiful.

2. Fertilization Fertilization is another important part of lawn maintenance. The more times the lawn is mowed, the more nutrients are taken away from the soil. Therefore, sufficient nutrients must be supplemented to restore growth. The number of fertilization requirements varies depending on the type of lawn. Generally, lawns are fertilized 7-8 times a year. The concentrated fertilization time is between April and October, especially the autumn fertilizer in October is particularly important. When fertilizing, use the highly efficient Ireland, which provides 12 kinds of nutrients to the lawn at the same time, which is safe and does not hurt the seedlings and prevents hardening.

3. Watering: Due to different varieties, the drought resistance of lawn grass varies. During its vigorous growth stage, it requires sufficient water. Therefore, timely watering is another measure to maintain a good lawn. Generally, in the hot and dry season, water once every 5-7 days in the morning and evening, and wet the roots to 10-15cm. It is advisable to water in other seasons to protect the soil roots from a certain humidity, but it is best to use multi-directional spraying and no sprinkler irrigation when watering, to keep the irrigation uniform, save water, and remove the dust on the grass surface.

4. Punching and forking soil for ventilation: The lawn needs to be punched and forked for ventilation 1-2 times a year, and a puncher is used for large lawns. After drilling, fill the lawn with sand, and then use a tooth rake and a hard broom to sweep the sand pile evenly, so that the sand penetrates into the hole, maintains courage, and improves the deep soil seepage. The thickness of the sand layer on the grass surface should not exceed 0.5cm. For ventilation on small areas and light loam lawns, you can use a digging fork to dig at a spacing of 8-10cm and a depth, and the fork head goes straight in and out to avoid bringing up soil blocks. Different specifications of forks can be changed for different soils, and shovels can also be used. When shoveling, some lawn grass roots can be cut off to promote vigorous root growth. The best time for drilling and forking soil aeration is in early spring every year.

5. Weed removal. Weeding should follow the principle of “removing early”, “removing small”, and “removing”. Use a knife for a small amount, and use a shovel for a large and concentrated amount, and then level the ground and replant. In addition, selective chemical herbicides can also be used, such as Caohejing, Matangjing, Caokuojing, Hekuojing, Mieshajing, Pujujing and other targeted and safe herbicides. Spray on a windless and sunny day, the temperature should be above 25℃, then the drug effect is very fast, and proper mixing of herbicides can improve the drug effect. But be cautious to avoid counterproductive results.

6. Pest and disease control Most lawn diseases are fungi, such as rust, powdery mildew, sclerotinia, anthracnose, etc. They often exist on the roots, stems and leaves of dead plants in the soil. When they encounter suitable climatic conditions, they will infect and harm the lawn, hindering the growth of the lawn, and turning it yellow or dead in pieces or blocks. The prevention and control method is usually to use fungicides to prevent or treat according to the infection rules of the disease. Commonly used fungicides for prevention include carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, etc. Pests that harm lawns include leaf-eating and root-eating pests such as noctuid larvae, armyworms, snails, grubs, ants, etc. Commonly used insecticides include Bichrysanthemum. When preventing and controlling, the lawn should be mowed low and then sprayed.

7. Renewal and rejuvenation and soil rolling If the lawn is alopecia or partially dead, it needs to be renewed and strengthened in time, that is, when fertilizing in early spring or late autumn, mix the germinated grass seeds and fertilizers together and sprinkle them evenly on the lawn, or use a roller to cut a slit every 20 cm on the lawn and apply compost to promote the growth of new roots. For the lack of soil and root leakage caused by frequent pruning, watering, and cleaning of the dead grass layer, soil should be added and rolled during the budding period of the lawn or after pruning. Generally, it should be done once a year, and rolling is done more often after the soil thaws in early spring.