Lawn maintenance methods

The key points of lawn maintenance are:

1. Weeds should be removed continuously in the first year.

2. Prune in time. Prune when the grass grows to 4-10 cm high, and the amount of each pruning should not exceed half of the grass height. The lawn is generally kept 2-5 cm high.

3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium granular mixed fertilizers should be applied during the growing season. Generally, it is applied after pruning and before sprinkler irrigation.

4. The lawn should not be overused. The use period and maintenance period should be specified, and the lawn should be opened for use in turn regularly.

5. Pay attention to the prevention and control of lawn diseases and pests. Replant in time and replace the necrotic parts.

Lawn watering
Watering can not only maintain the normal growth of lawn grass, but also improve the toughness of stems and leaves and enhance the trampling resistance of the lawn.

1. Season: Lawn irrigation should be carried out in the dry season when evaporation is greater than precipitation. In winter, after the lawn soil is frozen, no watering is required.

2. Time: In terms of weather conditions, the best time to water is when there is a breeze, which can effectively reduce evaporation losses and help the leaves dry. In a day, in order to improve the utilization rate of water, the morning and evening are the best times to water. However, watering at night is not conducive to the drying of lawn grass and is easy to cause diseases.

3. Water volume: Usually, in the dry period of the lawn grass growing season, in order to keep the lawn grass fresh green, about 3 to 4 cm of water is required per week. Under hot and dry conditions, a vigorously growing lawn needs to add 6 cm or more of water per week. The amount of water required is largely determined by the texture of the lawn bed soil.

4. Method: Watering can be done by spray irrigation, drip irrigation, flooding and other methods. Different methods can be used according to different levels of maintenance and management and equipment conditions. In order to keep the lawn grass before it stops growing in autumn and before it turns green in spring, it should be watered once each. It should be watered enough and thoroughly, which is very beneficial for the lawn grass to survive the winter and turn green.

Disease prevention and control

Classification of lawn grass diseases According to different pathogens, diseases can be divided into two categories: non-infectious diseases and infectious diseases. Non-infectious diseases occur due to factors on both the lawn and the environment. Such as improper grass seed selection, lack of nutrients in the soil necessary for lawn grass growth, imbalance of nutrient elements, too dry or too wet soil, environmental pollution, etc. This type of disease is not contagious. Infectious diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, etc. This type of disease is highly contagious, and the three necessary conditions for its occurrence are: susceptible plants, highly pathogenic pathogens, and suitable environmental conditions.

The prevention and control methods are as follows:

(1) Eliminate the primary infection sources of pathogens. Soil, seeds, seedlings, diseased plants in the field, diseased plant residues and uncomposted fertilizers are the main places where most pathogens overwinter and oversummer. Therefore, soil disinfection (commonly used formalin disinfection, that is, formalin: water = 1: 40, soil surface dosage is 10-15 liters/square meter or formalin: water = 1: 50, soil surface dosage is 20-25 liters/square meter), seedling treatment (including seed and seedling quarantine and disinfection; the commonly used disinfection method on lawns is: soak seeds in 1%-2% formalin dilution for 20-60 minutes, take out after soaking, wash, dry and sow.) and timely eliminate diseased plant residues and other measures to control.

(2) Agricultural control: Suitable grass for suitable land, especially choosing disease-resistant varieties, timely weed removal, timely deep ploughing and fine fertilizer, timely treatment of diseased plants and disease-infected areas, and strengthening water and fertilizer management.

(3) Chemical control: spraying pesticides for control. In general areas, spray an appropriate amount of pesticide solution once in early spring before various lawns enter the vigorous growth period, that is, before the lawn grass is about to become diseased, and then spray once every two weeks, and spray 3-4 times in succession. This can prevent the occurrence of various fungal or bacterial diseases. Different types of diseases require different pesticides. However, attention should be paid to the concentration of the pesticide, the time and number of spraying, and the amount of spraying. Generally, the spraying effect is best when the lawn grass leaves are kept dry. The number of spraying is mainly determined by the length of the residual effect of the pesticide, generally once every 7-10 days, and a total of 2-5 sprays are sufficient. Re-spraying should be done after rain. In addition, various pesticides should be mixed or used alternately as much as possible to avoid the development of pesticide resistance.

Pest control

1. The main causes of lawn grass pest damage: The soil is not treated with insect control before lawn planting (deep plowing and drying the soil, digging and picking up insects, soil disinfection, etc.); the applied organic fertilizer is not mature; early prevention and control is not timely or the medicine is used improperly or ineffective, etc.

2. Integrated control of lawn grass pests
(1) Agricultural control: suitable land and grass, deep plowing and drying the soil before sowing, digging and picking up insects, applying fully decomposed organic fertilizer, timely watering management, etc.
(2) Physical and manual control: light trapping, contact killing with pesticides and poisoned soil, manual capture, etc.
(3) Biological control: that is, using natural enemies or pathogenic microorganisms for control. For example, the effective pathogenic microorganism for the control of grubs is mainly green muscardine, and the control effect is 90%.
(4) Chemical control: Insecticides are mainly organic phosphorus compounds. Generally, irrigation should be carried out as soon as possible after application to promote the dispersion of the medicine and avoid loss due to photodecomposition and volatilization; spraying is often used for surface pests. But for some pests, such as lawn borers, irrigation should be carried out at least 24-72 hours after application. Common methods are seed dressing, poison bait or spraying. The above measures may be sufficient for an ordinary lawn builder. If the lawn is managed properly, its resistance will be greatly enhanced.